Goods and services tax (GST) on construction capital cost and housing property price

Good and Service Tax (GST) an indirect broad-based conswnpti.on tax. Following with the implementation of GST in Malaysia on 1st April 2015, it is suspected that the construction capital cost and housing property price will increase accordingly. This study is aim to review the GST effect associated on construction capital cost and it influences towards housing developer and housing property price. Additionally, this study highlights what was the developer point of view on the GST given to them and also the housing price further proposes initiatives to the housing developers. Argument of GST effect is useful for the public administrators so that to re-consider the rate of GST and also beneficial to the construction parties to account with the GST implementation. As conclusion, this study review that GST do give an impact towards the construction capital cost, housing developer and housing property price in terms of knock-on effect

Goods and services tax (GST) on construction capital cost and housing property price

Good and Service Tax (GST) an indirect broad-based conswnpti.on tax. Following with the implementation of GST in Malaysia on 1st April 2015, it is suspected that the construction capital cost and housing property price will increase accordingly. This study is aim to review the GST effect associated on construction capital cost and it influences towards housing developer and housing property price. Additionally, this study highlights what was the developer point of view on the GST given to them and also the housing price further proposes initiatives to the housing developers. Argument of GST effect is useful for the public administrators so that to re-consider the rate of GST and also beneficial to the construction parties to account with the GST implementation. As conclusion, this study review that GST do give an impact towards the construction capital cost, housing developer and housing property price in terms of knock-on effect

Housing decision making technical information: an approach for improving quality housing delivery during the initiation development phase process

Incomplete communication between decision maker, proposer and secretariat happened due to time constraint and distance's factor among them in decision making process for housing development project. Consequently convenience to information becomes limited due to the restricted amount of data given by developer. The problem is to make the best decision in construction; it must come from various information sources and specialists, especially in housing where the sector is near to the public (social) objective. Due to these decision making problems, developer faces a late delivery and sick housing project conflict. This paper aims to identify the technical decision making information for housing development at the initiation phase in Malaysia. Delphi method is employed by using questionnaire survey which involved 50 private developers for the first round of data collection. However, only 34 developers contributed to the second round of the data collection process. At the last round, only 12 developers were finalised as the main contributor in the final process. As a result, the findings are work schedule, location and size of project are most necessary information in technical information part which are required during decision making for housing development among Malaysian developers. Moreover, the advancement of skill must be improved and developers should not be easily pleased with their achievement as the information technology advances at a pace we can hardly keep up with

Housing Decision Making Technical Information: An Approach for Improving Quality Housing Delivery during the Initiation Development Phase Process

Incomplete communication between decision maker, proposer, and secretariat happened due to time constraint and distance's factor among them in the decision-making process for housing development project. Consequently, the convenience of information becomes limited due to the restricted amount of data given by the developer. The problem is to make the best decision in construction; it must come from various information sources and specialists, especially in housing where the sector is near to the public (social) objective. Due to these decision-making problems, the developer faces a late delivery and sick housing project conflict. This paper aims to identify the technical decision making information for housing development at the initiation phase in Malaysia. Delphi method is employed by using questionnaire survey which involved 50 private developers for the first round of data collection. However, only 34 developers contributed to the second round of the data collection process. At the last round, only 12 developers were finalized as the main contributor in the final process. As a result, the findings are work schedule, location and size of project are most necessary information in technical information part which are required for decision making for housing development among Malaysian developers. Moreover, the advancement of skill must be improved and developers should not be easily pleased with their achievement as the information technology advances at a pace we can hardly keep up with

Initiation Economic Information for Decision Making Process in Housing Development

Conflict communication among developer and their team at all times happened due to limited financial information. A developer does not automatically construct a unit that will convince the recipients since they have their own viewpoint and mind of their needs, objectives, obstructions, and necessities of economic aspect. A decision is very hard to be made on the housing unit since the recipients have variance on numerous economic issues. This paper aims to identify the economic decision making information for housing development at the initiation phase in Malaysia. Delphi method is implemented in 3 rounds using a questionnaire survey which involved 34 private developers for data collection purposes. The finding shows that authority policies, a market of housing and timing (life cycle of a project) are most necessary information in the economic part. All of the economic information also illustrates that they are crucial and key factors in the decision-making process. The stages in the initiation phase require economic information in the form of a qualitative data bank of a developer

Decision making methods at initiation phase for housing development

Late delivery and sick housing project problems were attributed to poor decision making. These problems are the string of housing developer that prefers to create their own approach based on their experiences and expertise with the simplest approach by just applying the obtainable standards and rules in decision making. This paper seeks to identify the decision making methods for housing development at the initiation phase in Malaysia. The research involved Delphi method by using questionnaire survey which involved 50 numbers of developers as samples for the primary stage of collect data. However, only 34 developers contributed to the second stage of the information gathering process. At the last stage, only 12 developers were left for the final data collection process. Finding affirms that Malaysian developers prefer to make their investment decisions based on simple interpolation of historical data and using simple statistical or mathematical techniques in producing the required reports. It was suggested that they seemed to skip several important decision- making functions at the primary development stage. These shortcomings were mainly due to time and financial constraints and the lack of statistical or mathematical expertise among the professional and management groups in the developer organisations

Decision making methods at initiation phase for housing development

Late delivery and sick housing project problems were attributed to poor decision making. These problems are the string of housing developer that prefers to create their own approach based on their experiences and expertise with the simplest approach by just applying the obtainable standards and rules in decision making. This paper seeks to identify the decision making methods for housing development at the initiation phase in Malaysia. The research involved Delphi method by using questionnaire survey which involved 50 numbers of developers as samples for the primary stage of collect data. However, only 34 developers contributed to the second stage of the information gathering process. At the last stage, only 12 developers were left for the final data collection process. Finding affirms that Malaysian developers prefer to make their investment decisions based on simple interpolation of historical data and using simple statistical or mathematical techniques in producing the required reports. It was suggested that they seemed to skip several important decision- making functions at the primary development stage. These shortcomings were mainly due to time and financial constraints and the lack of statistical or mathematical expertise among the professional and management groups in the developer organisations

Drought-induced changes in the flowering capacity, anthesis quality and seed set in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Drought stress significantly reduces grain yield (GY) due to poor spikelet fertility and anthesis quality. Aim of this study was to understand the changes of flowering capacity, anthesis quality traits and seed set in the re-watered drought stressed modern high yielding drought susceptible rice cultivar, IR64 at heading (DSH) and booting (DSB) stages. The wellwatered plants served as control of the experiment. Results obtained suggest that spikelet moisture content at above 80% was required to maintain optimum anthesis process in rice. Anthesis process in DSH plant was suspended when leaf relative water content (LRWC) dropped to below than 70%. Effects of drought stress on the spikelet moisture were irreversible as compared to the leaf rolling and LRWC. Hence, seed set was failed to occur at the upper rachis branches of the DSH plant. Anthesis process in the re-watered drought stress plants was resumed on the third day after re-watering with about 50% and 80% of anthers managed to dehisce in the DSH and DSB plants. Consequently, percentage of spikelet fertility and seed set in the DSH and DSB plants were increased towards the lower parts of the panicle. The GY, number of seeds, spikelet fertility, and harvest index however were significantly lower in the DSH plant (0.30 g, 13, 16.40%, and 14.81) as compared to DSB plant (1.34 g, 57, 59.14%, and 48.30), respectively. In addition, all interrelated traits involved in the flowering process of rice could be collectively termed as the anthesis quality traits due to their significant correlation with the grain yield and other yield components

Response of primed rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds towards reproductive stage drought stress

Seed priming could be promoted as a potential alternative in alleviating drought stress challenges in rice cultivation. The present study was conducted as an attempt to verify potential performance of seed priming in improving seedling growth and harvestable grain yield of rice under reproductive stage drought stress (RS). Seed treatments involved were non-primed seeds as control (T1), hydro-primed (T2) and osmo-primed at -1.0 mPa with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) (T3). Reproductive stage drought stress (RS) was imposed at soil water potential lower than -60 kPa. The well-watered plants served as control of the experiment. In general, seedling growth of T3 was better than T2 and T1 for all growth parameters in both planting seasons. Yield components were significantly lower in RS as compared to well-watered treatment (WW). The agronomic performance of primed seeds in T2 and T3 were not significantly different with T1 under both RS and WW for both planting seasons. As a conclusion, seed priming treatments used in this study was ineffective in improving agronomic performance of rice under RS. Therefore, other alternatives such as development of drought tolerant rice should be highly emphasized in order to minimize the impact of drought on growth and yield of rice plant